Isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase

UniProtKB accession:  P15802

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UniProtKB description:  Isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of penicillin, the world's most important antibiotic (PubMed:2120195, PubMed:2110531, PubMed:1368505). AatA catalyzes the exchange of the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain of isopenicillin N for phenylacetic acid to yield penicillin (PubMed:2120195, PubMed:2110531, PubMed:1368505). This step occurs in the peroxisomal matrix and the penM and paaT transporters are involved in the isopenicillin N and phenylacetic acid import into the peroxisome, respectively (PubMed:23053082). The penicillin biosynthesis occurs via 3 enzymatic steps, the first corresponding to the production of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) by the NRPS acvA. The tripeptide ACV is then cyclized to isopenicillin N (IPN) by the isopenicillin N synthase ipnA that forms the beta-lactam nucleus. Finally, the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain is exchanged for phenylacetic acid by the isopenicillin N acyltransferase aatA to yield penicillin in the peroxisomal matrix (PubMed:1368505) (Probable).