2I87

Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.241 
  • R-Value Work: 0.200 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.202 

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This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies.

Liu, S.Chang, J.S.Herberg, J.T.Horng, M.M.Tomich, P.K.Lin, A.H.Marotti, K.R.

(2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 15178-15183

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0604905103
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2I80, 2I87, 2I8C

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (DDl) is an essential enzyme in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and an important target for developing new antibiotics. It catalyzes the formation of D-alanine:D-alanine dipeptide, sequentially by using one D-alanine and one ATP as substrates for the first-half reaction, and a second D-alanine substrate to complete the reaction. Some gain of function DDl mutants can use an alternate second substrate, causing resistance to vancomycin, one of the last lines of defense against life-threatening Gram-positive infections. Here, we report the crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus DDl (StaDDl) and its cocrystal structures with 3-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-N-[4(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide (inhibitor 1) (Ki=4 microM against StaDDl) and with ADP, one of the reaction products, at resolutions of 2.0, 2.2, and 2.6 A, respectively. The overall structure of StaDDl can be divided into three distinct domains. The inhibitor binds to a hydrophobic pocket at the interface of the first and the third domain. This inhibitor-binding pocket is adjacent to the first D-alanine substrate site but does not overlap with any substrate sites. An allosteric inhibition mechanism of StaDDl by this compound was proposed. The mechanism provides the basis for developing new antibiotics targeting D-alanine:D-alanine ligase. Because this compound only interacts with residues from the first D-alanine site, inhibitors with this binding mode potentially could overcome vancomycin resistance.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA. shenping.liu@pfizer.com


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
D-alanine-D-alanine ligase
A, B
364Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus COLMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: ddl
EC: 6.3.2.4
UniProt
Find proteins for Q5HEB7 (Staphylococcus aureus (strain COL))
Explore Q5HEB7 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q5HEB7
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ5HEB7
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.241 
  • R-Value Work: 0.200 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.202 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 67.661α = 90
b = 66.408β = 96.24
c = 78.59γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2006-10-03
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-05-01
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Advisory, Source and taxonomy, Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2020-04-15
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.4: 2023-08-30
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description