2FD8

Crystal Structure of AlkB in complex with Fe(II), 2-oxoglutarate, and methylated trinucleotide T-meA-T


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.227 
  • R-Value Work: 0.186 

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This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Crystal structures of catalytic complexes of the oxidative DNA/RNA repair enzyme AlkB.

Yu, B.Edstrom, W.C.Benach, J.Hamuro, Y.Weber, P.C.Gibney, B.R.Hunt, J.F.

(2006) Nature 439: 879-884

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04561
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2FD8, 2FDF, 2FDG, 2FDH, 2FDI, 2FDJ, 2FDK

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Nucleic acid damage by environmental and endogenous alkylation reagents creates lesions that are both mutagenic and cytotoxic, with the latter effect accounting for their widespread use in clinical cancer chemotherapy. Escherichia coli AlkB and the homologous human proteins ABH2 and ABH3 (refs 5, 7) promiscuously repair DNA and RNA bases damaged by S(N)2 alkylation reagents, which attach hydrocarbons to endocyclic ring nitrogen atoms (N1 of adenine and guanine and N3 of thymine and cytosine). Although the role of AlkB in DNA repair has long been established based on phenotypic studies, its exact biochemical activity was only elucidated recently after sequence profile analysis revealed it to be a member of the Fe-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily. These enzymes use an Fe(II) cofactor and 2-oxoglutarate co-substrate to oxidize organic substrates. AlkB hydroxylates an alkylated nucleotide base to produce an unstable product that releases an aldehyde to regenerate the unmodified base. Here we have determined crystal structures of substrate and product complexes of E. coli AlkB at resolutions from 1.8 to 2.3 A. Whereas the Fe-2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase core matches that in other superfamily members, a unique subdomain holds a methylated trinucleotide substrate into the active site through contacts to the polynucleotide backbone. Amide hydrogen exchange studies and crystallographic analyses suggest that this substrate-binding 'lid' is conformationally flexible, which may enable docking of diverse alkylated nucleotide substrates in optimal catalytic geometry. Different crystal structures show open and closed states of a tunnel putatively gating O2 diffusion into the active site. Exposing crystals of the anaerobic Michaelis complex to air yields slow but substantial oxidation of 2-oxoglutarate that is inefficiently coupled to nucleotide oxidation. These observations suggest that protein dynamics modulate redox chemistry and that a hypothesized migration of the reactive oxy-ferryl ligand on the catalytic Fe ion may be impeded when the protein is constrained in the crystal lattice.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biological Sciences and Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium, 702A Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.


Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Alkylated DNA repair protein alkBB [auth A]211Escherichia coli K-12Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: alkBaidD
UniProt
Find proteins for P05050 (Escherichia coli (strain K12))
Explore P05050 
Go to UniProtKB:  P05050
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP05050
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence

Find similar nucleic acids by:  Sequence   |   3D Structure  

Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains LengthOrganismImage
5'-D(P*TP*(MA7)P*T)-3'A [auth B]3N/A
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.227 
  • R-Value Work: 0.186 
  • Space Group: P 43
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 40.746α = 90
b = 40.746β = 90
c = 118.304γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
SOLVEphasing
RESOLVEphasing
CNSrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2006-02-21
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-05-01
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Non-polymer description, Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2017-10-18
    Changes: Refinement description
  • Version 1.4: 2024-02-14
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations