1P48

REVERSE PROTONATION IS THE KEY TO GENERAL ACID-BASE CATALYSIS IN ENOLASE


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.213 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.185 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.5 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Reverse protonation is the key to general acid-base catalysis in enolase

Sims, P.A.Larsen, T.M.Poyner, R.R.Cleland, W.W.Reed, G.H.

(2003) Biochemistry 42: 8298-8306

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi0346345
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    1P43, 1P48

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The pH dependence of enolase catalysis was studied to understand how enolase is able to utilize both general acid and general base catalysis in each direction of the reaction at near-neutral pHs. Wild-type enolase from yeast was assayed in the dehydration reaction (2-phospho-D-glycerate --> phosphoenolpyruvate + H(2)O) at different pHs. E211Q, a site-specific variant of enolase that catalyzes the exchange of the alpha-proton of 2-phospho-D-glycerate but not the complete dehydration, was assayed in a (1)H/(2)H exchange reaction at different pDs. Additionally, crystal structures of E211Q and E168Q were obtained at 2.0 and 1.8 A resolution, respectively. Analysis of the pH profile of k(cat)/K(Mg) for wild-type enolase yielded macroscopic pK(a) estimates of 7.4 +/- 0.3 and 9.0 +/- 0.3, while the results of the pD profile of the exchange reaction of E211Q led to a pK(a) estimate of 9.5 +/- 0.1. These values permit estimates of the four microscopic pK(a)s that describe the four relevant protonation states of the acid/base catalytic groups in the active site. The analysis indicates that the dehydration reaction is catalyzed by a small fraction of enzyme that is reverse-protonated (i.e., Lys345-NH(2), Glu211-COOH), whereas the hydration reaction is catalyzed by a larger fraction of the enzyme that is typically protonated (i.e., Lys345-NH(3)(+), Glu211-COO(-)). These two forms of the enzyme coexist in a constant, pH-independent ratio. The structures of E211Q and E168Q both show virtually identical folds and active-site architectures (as compared to wild-type enolase) and thus provide additional support to the conclusions reported herein. Other enzymes that require both general acid and general base catalysis likely require reverse protonation of catalytic groups in one direction of the reaction.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Enolase 1
A, B
436Saccharomyces cerevisiaeMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: ENO1 OR ENOA OR HSP48 OR YGR254W OR G9160
EC: 4.2.1.11
UniProt
Find proteins for P00924 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c))
Explore P00924 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00924
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00924
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.213 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.185 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 107.8α = 90
b = 114.5β = 90
c = 73.1γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
SAINTdata scaling
LSCALEdata reduction
MOLREPphasing
CNSrefinement
SAINTdata reduction
LSCALEdata scaling
CCP4phasing

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2003-11-18
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-04-29
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2017-10-11
    Changes: Refinement description
  • Version 1.4: 2021-10-27
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.5: 2024-02-14
    Changes: Data collection